“And they gave me a shot, it really hurt” – Evaluative content in investigative interviews with young children

Research is scarce on the suitability of the evidence-based components of child investigative interviews when used in non-forensic contexts such as social work or school, particularly in relation to children’s reports on emotional content. This explorative study investigated to what extent a structured forensic interview protocol aids children in verbalizing negative emotional experiences of distress or discomfort. To do this we assessed and compared children’s displayed distress or discomfort during a video-recorded health visit with the verbalized distress or discomfort in interviews 2-4 weeks later about this visit. The children, aged 4 and 5 years (N = 26), were interviewed with a forensic interview protocol. Children’s statements regarding distress and discomfort and the interviewer questions preceding these statements were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that 46% of the 4-year-olds and 39 % of the 5-year-olds displayed discomfort or distress during their health visit. In the interviews, open-ended questions were posed to all children, however, these questions were sufficient to aid only some children (n = 6) to share evaluative content. None of the children who displayed distress or discomfort during the visit verbalized such experiences after an invitation only. Most children who described experiences of distress or discomfort did so in relation to evaluative questions. The results suggest that more research is warranted to investigate exactly how and when evaluative questions should be posed and whether this differs depending on severity of experience or the child’s age. The need for protocol development and its suitability when used in other fields of practice is discussed.Forskningsfinansiär: Allmänna Barnhuset, FB13-0014